Self Realization Approach

The Self Realization (SR) Approach is an intrapersonal value-expectancy theory that applies the concept of performance to human behavior. This model recognizes the role of genetics in performance and the innate differences in human potential. By acknowledging genetics as a limiting biological factor in performance, the SR approach emphasizes components of human performance that can be modified (those that are within the control of the individual). Also, by acknowledging the innate differences in human potential, the SR Approach stresses reaching one's "own" potential. Both a strength and a weakness of this theory is the subjective nature of Self Realization.

In developing this theory, the original goal of the author was to create a systematically integrated model that could be utilized to predict and modify athletic performance. The author first chose what he believed to be the strongest predictors and most essential attributes of optimal performances and performers via his own personal experiences. He then assimilated existing research in the areas of developmental psychology, existential philosophy, humanism, and social learning theory to refine and support his initial thoughts. Finally, the thoughts and opinions of elite and world class athletes and coaches were gathered through personal interviews and biographical research. From this information, a model was created of the most essential components of success- the Self Realization Model (SRM). These components are presented below. The purpose and design of the model then evolved into one that could predict behavior in other areas by looking at all human behavior in the context of performance, resulting in the development of Self Realization Approach.

Self Realization Definitions:

• Self Realization - fulfillment by oneself of the possibilities of one's character or personality (Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary). The fulfillment of one's potential (Penguin Dictionary of Psychology).
• Self Realizing Personality - Challenge seeking, autotelic, able to commit, high internal motivation, self efficacious, and the ability to apply these these qualities across a broad range of activities (omnidirected belief system, multidirected belief system).

The Self Realization Model:

The SRM consists of four interrelated components: Beliefs, Motivation, Commitment, Perseverance/Resilience.

• Belief System (beliefs) - comprised of identity, self efficacy, and locus of control. ^* The way one views and defines the world, his/her fellow humankind, self and the interrelationship between these three components. A set of attitudes, opinions, and convictions that affect personal behavior, interpersonal relationships, and attitude toward life. (see conceptual system, Penguin Dictionary of Psychology).
• Motivation - the process of initiating, sustaining, and directing psychological or physical activities, including internal forces such as impulses, drives, and desires involved in this process. Motives may operate on a conscious level or unconscious level, and are frequently divided into physiological (primary, or organic, such as hunger elimination) and psychological (secondary, or personal/social, such as affiliation, competition, and individual interests and goals). (Penguin Dictionary of Psychology). The physiological or psychological drive or desire. ... motivation can be understood as a person's present state or stage of readiness for change. It is an internal state influenced by external factors. (Miller & Rollnick). Must consider value system which is strongly influenced by the environment (i.e. Familial, cultural, societal, etc.) see Belief System.
• Commitment - The dedication of the necessary resources (i.e., attentional, physical, etc.) to accomplish a task. Commitment to action motivation - the probability that a person will enter into, continue, and adhere to a specific change strategy (Council for Philosophical Studies, 1981; Miller, 1985) Adherence to advice or a plan (Miller & Rollnick).
• Perseverance - the behavioral tendency to persist (Penguin Dictionary of Psychology) persevere - to persist in a state, enterprise, or undertaking in spite of counter influences, opposition, and discouragement change (Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary) resilience - an ability to recover from or adjust easily to misfortune or change (Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary)